Which health risk is associated with military service in Vietnam?

The health risks associated with military service in Vietnam include both Agent Orange exposure and psychological trauma. Agent Orange, a herbicide used during the Vietnam War, has been linked to a variety of serious health issues, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and other chronic conditions. The lasting effects of Agent Orange have been recognized long after the war ended, leading to necessary health care provisions for veterans.

Additionally, many veterans returning from Vietnam experienced significant psychological trauma due to the intense combat situations they faced and the overall stress of war. Conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been widely documented among Vietnam veterans.

Given that both of these health risks—environmental and psychological—are notably associated with military service during the Vietnam War, selecting the choice that encompasses both risks is accurate. Therefore, the correct answer comprehensively reflects the health risks linked to Vietnam service, as it includes both major categories of concern.